Biomonitoring onečišćenja vode i tla

undergraduate thesis

• Title (english): Biomonitoring of water and soil contamination
• Author: Doroteja Košćak
• Mentor: Jelena Loborec (mentor)
• Committee member: Igor Petrović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Jelena Loborec (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Sanja Kapelj (član povjerenstva)
• Committee member: Ivana Grčić (član povjerenstva)
• Granter: University of Zagreb; Faculty of Geotechnical Engineering; Varaždin
• Defense date and country: 2020-09-17, Croatia
• Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline: TECHNICAL SCIENCES; Interdisciplinary Technical Sciences; Environmental Engineering

Abstract

U današnjem svijetu i ubrzanom načinu života onečišćenje nije stran pojam. Zbog ljudskih potreba koje su svakim danom sve veće dolazi do onečišćenja kojima se ugrožavaju pojedine sastavnice okoliša, a time se narušava kvaliteta života. Voda je ključna potreba svim živim organizmima na Zemlji. Najugroženija je sastavnica okoliša zbog svoje zastupljenosti u prirodi i sposobnosti otapanja različitih tvari s kojima dođe u kontakt. U prošlosti je ljudsko opterećenje štetnim tvarima u okolišu bilo znatno manje, voda je bila sposobna sama se pročistiti. Porastom broja stanovnika i razvojem industrije antropogeni utjecaj je postao toliko intenzivan da je onemogućen proces samopročišćavanja i biološkog čišćenja. Osim vode ugroženo je i tlo koje može biti onečišćeno izravnim smještajem izvora onečišćenja na tlo, ali i neposrednim kontaktom preko „nositelja“, npr. onečišćene vode. Za onečišćenje tla u današnje vrijeme poljoprivreda predstavlja veliki problem zbog nepravilnog korištenja kemikalija, primjenom umjetnih gnojiva i agrokemijskih sredstva. Kako bi se onečišćenje prepoznalo na vrijeme koriste se razne metode, a jedna od njih je biomonitoring. Biomnitoring je metoda motrenja stanja u ekosustavima, pogotovo biomaterijala za ranu detekciju prisutnosti onečišćenja. Praćenjem reakcija organizama na pojedine tvari može se odrediti toksičnost određene tvari i utvrditi stanje u okolišu.

Abstract (english)

In today's world and because of a fast way of life, contamination is not a foreign concept. Due to ever increasing human needs, contamination occurs and endangers individual environmental components, thus undermining the quality of life. Water is a crucial need of all living organisms on the Earth. It is the most endangered component of the environment due to its presence in nature and its ability to dissolve various substances with which it comes into contact. In the past, when people released harmful substances into the environment less than today, the water was able to purify itself. An increase in population and industrial development caused the anthropogenic influence to become so intense that the process of self-purification and biological cleansing was prevented. In addition to water, soil is also endangered. It can be contaminated by direct placement of sources of contamination on it, but also by the contact via “carriers”, e.g. contaminated water. Nowadays, agriculture is the major cause of soil contamination due to the improper use of chemicals, the use of artificial fertilizers and agrochemical agents. In order to identify contamination in time, various methods are used, and one of them is biomonitoring. Biomnitoring is a method of monitoring the state of ecosystems, especially biomaterials for the purpose of detecting the presence of contaminants early. By monitoring the reactions of organisms to certain substances, the toxicity of a particular substance as well as the environmental status can be determined.

• Keywords: onečišćenje vode; onečišćenje tla; biomonitoring
• Keywords (english): water contamination; soil contamination; biomonitoring
• Language: croatian
• URN:NBN: urn:nbn:hr:130:694673
• Study programme: Title: Environmental Engineering; Study programme type: university; Study level: undergraduate; Academic / professional title: sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/ baccalaurea) inženjer/ inženjerka inženjerstva okoliša (sveučilišni/a prvostupnik/ prvostupnica (baccalaureus/ baccalaurea) inženjer/ inženjerka inženjerstva okoliša)
• Type of resource: Text
• File origin: Born digital
• Access conditions: Open access
• Created on: 2020-10-20 07:02:06